FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ)

There are three primary benefits of directional drilling:

Installing any infrastructural material is a lot easier with directional drilling as it requires only a single pilot hole

Directional drilling is highly cost effective as it is virtually trenchless and does not require a significant amount of equipment to dig a trench for replacing underground piping

There is very little disruption that comes into landscaping when it comes to directional

There are multiple functions that are served by drilling fluids, including, but not limited to:

  • Remove Cuttings from bore hole.
  • Formation pressure control
  • Stabilise bore hole from collapse
  • Lubricate and protecting Bits and Tooling
  • Clear cuttings away from cutting face
  • Keep Tooling and Transmitter cool and from overheating
  • Maximise tooling life

Drilling muds are also known as drilling fluids. They must be used in HDD by first being mixed in your Mixing System and Tanks then pumped down your drill string.

 

They are a complex part to drilling but integral to ensuring you get your job done fast and efficiently.

 

Never underestimate the power of a correct Mud Mix and Mud Flow when drilling on Pilot or Reaming.

Horizontal directional drilling technique for dirt/clay

  • Bore the pilot hole using a Blade.
  • Pull back using a Paddle reamer and Swivel to pull the pipe or cable through.

Horizontal directional drilling techniques drilling in soft rock

Horizontal directional drilling techniques for hard rock

  • Bore the pilot hole with either a Rock Motor and Tricone or PDC bit or an Air-Hammer. Steer via positioning the bent sub.
  • a.Pull back using a Hole Opener and Swivel. The use of this tool makes the hole larger and allows a larger pipe or cable to be pulled through the cavity.

Horizontal directional drilling is a process that is split into four stages, which includes:

Horizontally drilling a pilot hole under and across the obstacle

Enlarging the borehole by pre-reaming the horizontal boring to larger diameters

Conducting pull back operations by attaching the reamer to the drill string and connecting it to a pulling head

 

Installing the conduit by pulling the product into a position within the confines of a pipe.

Our HDD tooling catalogue covers the full drilling cycle. This includes: Sub Savers and Drive Chucks, Starter Bars, Rock Bit Housings, Rock Bits (PDC and Tricone), Adapters, Reamer Blades, Collars, Vice Jaws, Pullback Swivels, Pull Tabs, Pipe Pullers, Hole Openers, Air Hammers, Rock Motors, and a broad range of consumables including O-rings and wear parts. Whether you need a single replacement component or a complete tooling setup for a new rig, we can supply it.

Our tooling range is designed to suit all major HDD rig brands including Vermeer, Ditch Witch, Goodeng, EasyDrill, and others. Thread compatibility is the critical factor — Sub Savers, Drive Chucks, and Adapters are available across the most common thread profiles in the Australian market. Where a direct fit isn’t available, Cross-Over Subs can bridge between different thread standards. Tell us your rig make and model and we’ll confirm what fits.

PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) bits use fixed diamond-impregnated cutters that shear through the rock face. They work best in medium-to-hard, non-abrasive formations and deliver excellent penetration rates with lower wear. Tricone bits use three rotating cone inserts with tungsten carbide teeth that crush and chip the formation. They handle a wider range of conditions including very hard and abrasive rock where a PDC cutter would wear prematurely. We stock both types and can advise on the right choice for your specific formation.

A Sub Saver is a sacrificial threaded adapter that sits between your drill rig’s drive chuck and the rest of the drill string. Its purpose is to absorb wear and damage during the repeated thread make-and-break cycles of a drilling operation. Instead of wearing down your rig’s chuck — an expensive and time-consuming replacement — the sub saver takes the wear. When it’s worn, you replace the sub saver at a fraction of the cost. It’s one of the most cost-effective components in any HDD setup.

Yes — we maintain stock across our most in-demand lines with our HQ based in melbourne. We ship to all states and territories across Australia. For urgent requirements, contact our team directly and we can advise on what’s available from stock versus what needs to be ordered. For larger or recurring supply needs, we can discuss stocking arrangements so you’re not caught short mid-project.

Frequently Asked Questions: HDD Rock Tooling

What is the difference between PDC bits and tricone bits for HDD?

PDC bits shear through rock using diamond cutters and are generally faster in medium to hard formations with consistent geology. Tricone bits crush and chip rock using rotating cones and are better suited to harder formations or a mixed or variable ground where formations change along the bore path.

When should I use an air hammer instead of a rotary bit?

Air hammers are most effective in very hard, consolidated rock formations such as granite or basalt where rotary cutting methods are slow or impractical. If you are drilling through formations with a UCS above approximately 100 MPa, an air hammer system is worth considering.

Do rock motors replace the surface rig's rotation?

No. Rock motors work alongside surface rotation and rig thrust. They add torque directly at the cutting head downhole, which improves steering precision and reduces the rotary load on surface equipment and drill rods.

What sizes of air hammers does JB Trenchless supply?

JB Trenchless supplies Pioneer One air hammer systems across a range of sizes to suit different bore diameters and rig configurations. Contact the team to confirm the right specification for your project.

Can I use HDD rock tooling in mixed ground with both soil and rock?

Yes. Tricone bits and some PDC configurations are well suited to mixed ground. For bores that transition between formations, having the right tooling on-hand before starting gives crews the flexibility to adapt without delays.

Frequently Asked Questions: Rock Motors

What is an HDD rock motor and what does it actually do downhole?

A rock motor — specifically our AT-Boretec Rockmotor — is a downhole tool that sits between your drill string and the cutting bit. It uses the inner rods of a AT/DR system to rotate  the bit face, independent of the outer rod rotation. Combined with a bent sub at approximately 2° offset, it allows the operator to steer the bore through solid rock formations while maintaining directional control. This means you get both high torque at the cutting face and the ability to change bore direction without rotating the entire drill string.

Which HDD rig brands and systems are the ATB Rock Motors compatible with?

The AT-Boretec Rockmotor is purpose-built for All-Terrain (AT) and Dual-Rod HDD systems. It integrates directly with the most widely used rigs from Ditch Witch, Goodeng, and Vermeer. It is not compatible with standard single-rod rigs — it requires the dual-rod or AT drive system to function correctly. If you’re unsure whether your rig is compatible, contact our team with the make and model and we’ll confirm before you order.

What drill bit types work with JB Trenchless rock motors, and what sizes do you stock?

We supply a few different bit types that pair with the Rockmotor: PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) bits for efficient cutting in medium to hard formations, Tricone bits for harder and more abrasive rock, and claw bits for mudstone. Sizes range from 4.75″ up to 6.5″ to suit different borehole requirements. We stock both ranges, meaning you get the full tooling chain from a single supplier.

When should I use a rock motor versus an air hammer for hard ground HDD?

Air hammers are the preferred solution when facing hard rock. Rock motors are the preferred solution when ground is softer but still hard, as their bent sub design lets you navigate curves, avoid obstacles, and hit precise exit points even in hard formations. Air hammers deliver superior raw penetration rate in very hard, competent rock but offer less steering flexibility. Many contractors use both: an air hammer in very hard rock, and a rock motor for mixed or medium-hard formations. Our team can help you select based on your specific ground conditions and bore geometry.

Frequently Asked Questions: Air Hammers

How does a JB Trenchless air hammer work in an HDD application?

Our air hammers are design for HDD, and are based upon the pneumatic down-the-hole (DTH) hammers. They differ as they have a designed and built in bent housing, allow you to steer and protect your sonde. It works by using compressed air delivered through the drill string to drive a piston in a rapid percussive cycle. Each blow is delivered directly to the drill bit face at the cutting point, meaning the energy isn’t lost travelling through the drill rods. The spent air is then exhausted through the annulus, helping to clear cuttings from the borehole. The result is aggressive penetration in rock formations where rotary drilling alone would be slow or ineffective.

What sizes of air hammers does JB Trenchless supply, and how do I choose the right one?

We supply Pioneer One air hammer systems in 2-inch, 3-inch, 4-inch, and 5-inch body configurations. The pilot hole cuts 1-2” larger than the hammer size. Hammers ize selection is driven by your borehole diameter, available compressor output (CFM/pressure), and rig thrust capacity. The 3″ CR suits small-mid HDD rigs on confined crossings; the 4″ CR handles mid-range work; the 5″ CR is suited to larger rigs tackling heavy rock formations. Contact our team with your rig specs and formation type and we’ll confirm the right match.

Is an air hammer system environmentally friendly compared to other rock drilling methods?

Yes — the air hammer system requires minimal water during operation and produces virtually no drilling fluid contamination at the cutting face. Because the percussive mechanism uses compressed air rather than mud-driven torque, there is also significantly less cleanup involved. This makes it well suited to sensitive sites, urban crossings, or locations with water table restrictions.

Can JB Trenchless air hammers be used on standard HDD rigs, or do they require special equipment?

Our air hammer systems are designed to integrate with standard HDD rigs, but you do need a compatible compressor delivering sufficient CFM and pressure for the hammer size. We offer suitable air compressor units and also supply the full range of complementary tooling including Air Hammer Reamers for borehole enlargement after the pilot bore. Talk to us about your rig before ordering — we’ll confirm compatibility and advise on compressor requirements.

What tooling accessories are available to run alongside a JB Trenchless air hammer system?

We supply a complete air hammer ecosystem including: replacement bits (button bits), Air Hammer Reamers for back-reaming passes, and wear components for on-site maintenance. Because the tool operates in highly abrasive hard rock conditions, having the right bit and reamer combination makes a significant difference to penetration rate and tool life. We can bundle compatible accessories with your hammer order.

Frequently Asked Questions: HDD Drill Rods

What are the advantages of directional drilling?

There are three primary benefits of directional drilling:

1. Installing any infrastructural material is a lot easier with directional drilling as it requires only a single pilot hole

2. Directional drilling is highly cost effective as it is virtually trenchless and does not require a significant amount of equipment to dig a trench for replacing underground piping

3. There is very little disruption that comes into landscaping when it comes to directional

How does Ditch Witch directional drilling work?

A ditch witch is an underground construction equipment that digs a trench in the ground through the use of a vertical bucket line. Large ditch digging machines use a continuous conveyor chain, but a ditch witch uses a 12 foot conveyor chain, that is equipped with knife-like blade attachments, that enables it to easily dig out chunks of dirt.

What is the process of horizontal drilling?

Horizontal directional drilling is a process that is split into four stages, which includes:

1. Horizontally drilling a pilot hole under and across the obstacle

2. Enlarging the borehole by pre-reaming the horizontal boring to larger diameters

3. Conducting pull back operations by attaching the reamer to the drill string and connecting it to a pulling head

Installing the conduit by pulling the product into a position within the confines of a pipe.

What materials are JB Trenchless HDD drill rods made from, and why does it matter?

Our drill rods are manufactured from forged and heat-treated alloy steel with a high carbon content. The forging process aligns the steel grain structure for maximum fatigue resistance, while heat treatment delivers the hardness needed to handle the torsional and bending loads typical in horizontal directional drilling. This combination is what separates rods that fail mid-bore from ones that last across hundreds of pullbacks.

What sizes and thread specifications of directional drill rods do you stock?

We carry a broad range of lengths and diameters to suit mini, midi, and maxi HDD rigs. Thread profiles include a range of standard HDD connections. If you’re unsure of your current rod thread — or are considering a spec change — contact our team. We can identify your existing thread from photos or part numbers and advise on compatible upgrades.

Can I mix JB Trenchless drill rods with rods from another supplier on the same string?

Yes, provided the thread profiles match. We stock a full range of drill rods that are compatible for the many Makes & Models out there. We regularly supply full new baskets or smaller quantities, especially in those times where the drill shot is longer than the distance the onboard drill rods can go. One thing to watch out for is connection old drill rods with new drill rods, as the drill string is only as strong as it’s weakest link!

My HDD rig is switching to a different drill rod spec — what changeover parts do I need?

A rod spec changeover typically requires new Drive Chucks, Sub Savers, and potentially Adapters depending on your breakout tooling. We supply all of these components and can guide you through a full changeover kit based on your rig make, model, and the incoming rod specification. Call us before you order rods to make sure your tooling string is compatible end-to-end.

How are your drill rods tested before they reach the job site?

Each rod goes through testing for durability, hardness, tensile strength, and impact resistance as part of our quality management process. We don’t list products until they meet the performance benchmarks we’ve established across more than 30 years in the trenchless industry.